Mohammad Hamid

Why Governments Cannot Print Unlimited Money

This week, AES is organizing an online Live Webinar titled: “Why Governments Cannot Print Unlimited Money: Inflation, Currency Stability, and Sustainable Economic Governance”We are pleased to have Hamida Taraki as the presenter for this academic session.Ms. Hamida Taraki is one of the active and talented students currently pursuing her Bachelor’s degree in Economics and Finance […]

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Afghanistan Economic Outlook (2025–2027): Growth Dynamics, Refugee Return, and Structural Challenges.

Afghanistan’s economy grew by 1.9% in 2025, slightly lower than 2.3% in 2024, marking the second consecutive year of modest economic recovery since 2021. Private consumption was the main driver of growth, increasing by 15.0%, mainly due to the return of millions of refugees from Iran and Pakistan. Around 1.4 million refugees returned in 2024,

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The Risks and Benefits of Western Educational Institutions in Central Asia: Lessons for Developing Education Systems

The Afghanistan Economic Sustainability Forum (AESF) is pleased to announce an upcoming online webinar:“The Risks and Benefits of Western Educational Institutions in Central Asia: Lessons for Developing Education Systems”This webinar will explore the impact of Western educational institutions on education systems in Central Asia, highlighting key insights and lessons relevant for developing countries, including Afghanistan.Our

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Economic Growth Fails to Ease Poverty Crisis in Afghanistan, UNICEF Reports

The UNICEF, in its annual report, has stated that Afghanistan’s economic outlook continues to face widespread and persistent poverty. According to the Ministry of Economy, inflation has decreased and GDP has increased, while efforts have been made to maintain price stability despite regional tensions. Additionally, UNICEF reported that the nutritional situation in several provinces remains

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Afghanistan-Iran Annual Trade Approaches $4 Billion as Alternative Trade Routes Expand

KABUL, Afghanistan — Trade between Afghanistan and Iran has significantly increased this year, with overall imports and transit activities rising by nearly 30–35% compared to last year. Last year, bilateral trade between the two countries was estimated at around $3 billion, while current projections suggest the annual trade volume could surpass $4 billion. Trade and

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Afghanistan Emerges as Uzbekistan’s Fifth-Largest Trade Partner as Bilateral Trade Exceeds $508 Million

Afghanistan has become Uzbekistan’s fifth-largest trading partner after bilateral trade surpassed $508 million over the past three months, according to data released by Uzbekistan’s State Committee of Statistics. The increase reflects a broader expansion in economic engagement between the two countries, driven by sustained growth in trade volumes and sectoral diversification. Uzbek officials stated that

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Over 9,000 Afghan Containers Remain Stuck Between Karachi and Jebel Ali

Afghan transit goods continue to face delays after being moved from Karachi to Jebel Ali, as regional tensions once again disrupt shipments bound for Afghanistan. Afghan traders who recently shifted their transit cargo from Karachi Port to Jebel Ali Port are now facing renewed delays, with shipments halted due to ongoing tensions in the Middle

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IMF Warns of Severe Global Economic Impact if Energy Shock and Conflict Persist

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has warned that the global economy could face a significantly worse outlook if ongoing geopolitical tensions continue to disrupt energy markets and keep oil prices elevated for an extended period. IMF Managing Director Kristalina Georgieva said inflationary pressures are already rising globally, and the economic outlook would deteriorate further if

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Afghanistan’s Panjshir Province Sells $4M Worth of Emeralds in a Year

Local officials in Panjshir say that last year, 23 rounds of emerald auctions were held in the province, through which 111,750 carats of emeralds were sold to domestic traders for more than $4 million. In these auctions, emeralds worth a total of $4,178,640 were sold. According to Panjshir officials, last year many investors from countries

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World Bank Warns of Declining Living Standards in Afghanistan

In its latest report on the economic outlook of the Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan, and Pakistan, the World Bank has stated that Afghanistan’s per capita GDP has declined by 5.6 percent. According to the report, population growth in Afghanistan has outpaced economic growth, leading to increased inflationary pressures. The report emphasizes that this situation

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